@article{gilardi_2002,
title = {Policy credibility and delegation to independent regulatory agencies: a comparative empirical analysis},
author = {Gilardi, Fabrizio},
pages = {873-893},
url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1350176022000046409},
year = {2002},
month = {jan},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Journal of European Public Policy},
volume = {9},
number = {6},
issn = {1350-1763},
doi = {10.1080/1350176022000046409},
f1000-projects = {{EURECA} and {PhD\_paper\_2}}
}

@article{greasley_2014,
title = {Credibility and agency termination under parliamentarism.},
author = {Greasley, S and Hanretty, C},
publisher = {academic.oup.com},
url = {https://academic.oup.com/jpart/article-abstract/26/1/159/2614437},
year = {2014},
urldate = {2018-05-25},
journal = {Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory},
volume = {26},
number = {1},
f1000-projects = {{EURECA} and {PhD\_paper\_2}}
}

@article{kitchen_2014,
title = {The elaboration likelihood model: review, critique and research agenda},
author = {Kitchen, Philip J. and Kerr, Gayle and Schultz, Don E. and McColl, Rod and Pals, Heather},
pages = {2033-2050},
url = {http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/10.1108/{EJM}-12-2011-0776},
year = {2014},
month = {nov},
day = {4},
urldate = {2018-03-26},
journal = {Eur J Mark},
volume = {48},
number = {11/12},
issn = {0309-0566},
doi = {10.1108/{EJM}-12-2011-0776},
abstract = {Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review, critique and develop a research agenda for the Elaboration Likelihood Model ({ELM}). The model was introduced by Petty and Cacioppo over three decades ago and has been modified, revised and extended. Given modern communication contexts, it is appropriate to question the model\textquoterights validity and relevance. Design/methodology/approach – The authors develop a conceptual approach, based on a fully comprehensive and extensive review and critique of {ELM} and its development since its inception. Findings – This paper focuses on major issues concerning the {ELM}. These include model assumptions and its descriptive nature; continuum questions, multi-channel processing and mediating variables before turning to the need to replicate the {ELM} and to offer recommendations for its future development. Research limitations/implications – This paper offers a series of questions in terms of research implications. These include whether {ELM} could or should be replicated, its extension,...}
}
@incollection{petty_2009,
booktitle = {Emerging theories in health promotion practice and research, 2nd ed.},
title = {The Elaboration Likelihood Model of persuasion: Developing health promotions for sustained behavioral change.},
author = {Petty, Richard E. and Barden, Jamie and Wheeler, S. Christian},
pages = {185-214},
publisher = {Jossey-Bass},
year = {2009},
urldate = {2019-03-22},
isbn = {978-0-470-17913-0 (Hardcover)},
address = {San Francisco, {CA}, {US}},
keywords = {ELM},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2},
abstract = {This chapter presents the Elaboration Likelihood Model of persuasion ({ELM}) as a useful framework for interpreting and predicting the impact that health communications have on subsequent attitudes and behavior. The model proposes that attitudes can be formed as the result of different types of processes. Peripheral route processes are those that involve minimal cognitive effort and instead rely on superficial cues or heuristics as the primary bases for attitude change. Central route processes are those that involve effortful cognitive elaboration and rely on careful scrutiny of issue-relevant information and one's own cognitive responses as the primary bases for attitude change. Although each category of process can sometimes result in attitudes with similar valence, the two routes to change typically lead to attitudes with different consequences. High effort central route processes are more likely to lead to attitudes that are persistent over time, resistant to counterattack, and influential in guiding thought and behavior than are peripheral route processes. Because enduring attitude and behavioral change is likely to be a key goal of any health communication campaign, promoting attitude formation via central route processes is important. Consequently, using techniques that increase the perceived relevance of the communication and the quality of the arguments will promote achievement of a health promotion program's goals. A thorough understanding of these principles should result in more effective health communication campaigns thereby favorably influencing public health. ({PsycINFO} Database Record (c) 2019 {APA}, all rights reserved)}
}
@article{schumann_2012,
title = {The elaboration likelihood model.},
author = {Schumann, {DW} and Kotowski, {MR} and Ahn, {HY} and Haugtvedt, {CP}},
pages = {51-68},
publisher = {books.google.com},
year = {2012},
urldate = {2019-03-22},
journal = {Advertising theory},
keywords = {ELM},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{vanryzin_2011,
title = {Outcomes, process, and trust of civil servants},
author = {Van Ryzin, Gregg G.},
pages = {745-760},
url = {https://academic.oup.com/jpart/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/jopart/muq092},
year = {2011},
month = {oct},
day = {1},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory},
volume = {21},
number = {4},
issn = {1053-1858},
doi = {10.1093/jopart/muq092},
f1000-projects = {{perceptions\textgreaterTrust} from Mendeley and performance from Mendeley and {PhD\_paper\_2}}
}
@article{vigodagadot_2006,
title = {Citizens' Perceptions of Politics and Ethics in Public Administration: A Five-Year National Study of Their Relationship to Satisfaction with Services, Trust in Governance, and Voice Orientations},
author = {Vigoda-Gadot, E.},
pages = {285-305},
url = {https://academic.oup.com/jpart/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/jopart/muj018},
year = {2006},
month = {jun},
day = {7},
urldate = {2019-03-15},
journal = {Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory},
volume = {17},
number = {2},
issn = {1053-1858},
doi = {10.1093/jopart/muj018},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{vandewalle_2008,
title = {Trust in the public sector: is there any evidence for a long-term decline?.},
author = {Van de Walle, S and Van Roosbroek, S},
url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0020852307085733},
year = {2008},
urldate = {2018-07-23},
journal = {International Review of Administrative Sciences},
volume = {74},
number = {1},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{levi_2000,
title = {Political trust and trustworthiness},
author = {Levi, Margaret and Stoker, Laura},
pages = {475-507},
url = {http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.polisci.3.1.475},
year = {2000},
month = {jun},
urldate = {2019-03-15},
journal = {Annu. Rev. Polit. Sci.},
volume = {3},
number = {1},
issn = {1094-2939},
doi = {10.1146/annurev.polisci.3.1.475},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@book{nye_1997,
title = {Why people don't trust government},
author = {Nye, {JS} and Zelikow, P and King, {DC}},
publisher = {Harvard University Press},
year = {1997},
urldate = {2018-07-23},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{alford_2001,
title = {We're all in this together: The decline of trust in government, 1958-1996.},
author = {Alford, {JR}},
year = {2001},
urldate = {2018-07-23},
journal = {What is it about government that Americans dislike},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@book{miller_2015,
title = {Postmodern Public Administration},
author = {Miller, Hugh T},
publisher = {Routledge},
url = {https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315706962},
year = {2015},
month = {mar},
day = {26},
urldate = {2019-02-07},
isbn = {9781315706962},
doi = {10.4324/9781315706962},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@book{miller_2012,
title = {Governing narratives: Symbolic politics and policy change},
author = {Miller, Hugh T},
publisher = {University of Alabama Press},
year = {2012},
urldate = {2019-02-07},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@book{kingdon_1984,
title = {Agendas, Alternatives, and Public Policies},
author = {Kingdon, John W.},
publisher = {Little Brown},
year = {1984},
urldate = {2019-03-13},
address = {Boston, {MA}},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{edelman_1964,
title = {The symbolic uses of politics},
author = {Edelman, Murray},
year = {1964},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
journal = {Urbana: University of Illinois Press},
keywords = {symbolic politics},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@book{edelman_1988,
title = {Constructing the political spectacle},
author = {Edelman, Murray},
publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
year = {1988},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
isbn = {0226183998},
address = {Chicago},
keywords = {symbolic politics},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@book{sanders_2013a,
title = {Government Communication: Cases and Challenges},
author = {Sanders, K and Canel, M Jose},
editor = {Sanders, K and Canel, M Jose},
publisher = {A\&C Black},
year = {2013},
urldate = {2019-03-13},
isbn = {978-1-84966-612-1},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{james_2017c,
title = {International rankings of government performance and source credibility for citizens: experiments about e-government rankings in the {UK} and the Netherlands},
author = {James, Oliver and Petersen, Carolyn},
pages = {1-16},
url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14719037.2017.1296965},
year = {2017},
month = {mar},
day = {13},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Public Management Review},
volume = {20},
number = {4},
issn = {1471-9037},
doi = {10.1080/14719037.2017.1296965},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2},
abstract = {International organizations are an alternative to national governments as a source of information for citizens about governments\textquoteright performance. Experiments about high {UK} e-government performance reported in an international ranking find a United Nations ({UN}) source increases citizens\textquoteright perceptions of the truthfulness of reported performance and increases perceived high performance compared to national government reporting identical information. The {UN} source also has higher perceived honesty, helpfulness and knowledgeability. A replication experiment in the Netherlands generalizes the finding about perceived higher truthfulness. International sources boost the credibility of information about high performance, improving citizens\textquoteright perceptions of national governments.}
}


@article{lee_2000,
title = {Reporters and bureaucrats: public relations counter-strategies by public administrators in an era of media disinterest in government},
author = {Lee, Mordecai},
pages = {451-463},
publisher = {Elsevier},
year = {2000},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
journal = {Public Relations Review},
volume = {25},
number = {4},
issn = {0363-8111},
keywords = {government {PR}},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@incollection{holtzbacha_2013,
booktitle = {Government communication: Cases and challenges},
title = {Government communication in Germany},
author = {Holtz-Bacha, Christina},
editor = {Canel, M Jose and Sanders, K},
publisher = {Bloomsbury Academic},
year = {2013},
urldate = {2019-02-06},
address = {London},
keywords = {government communications},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@incollection{sanders_2013,
booktitle = {Government communication: Cases and challenges},
title = {The strategic shift of {UK} government communication},
author = {Sanders, Karen},
editor = {Canel, M Jose and Sanders, K},
pages = {79–98},
publisher = {Bloomsbury Academic},
year = {2013},
urldate = {2019-02-06},
address = {London},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@incollection{young_2013,
booktitle = {Government communication: Cases and challenges},
title = {Government communication in Australia},
author = {Young, Sally},
editor = {Canel, M Jose and Sanders, K},
pages = {99–114},
publisher = {Bloomsbury Academic},
year = {2013},
urldate = {2019-02-06},
isbn = {978-1-8496-6612-1},
address = {London},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{christensen_2018,
title = {Biased, not blind: An experimental test of self-serving biases in service users\textquoteright evaluations of performance information},
author = {Christensen, Julian},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/padm.12520},
year = {2018},
month = {jun},
day = {6},
urldate = {2018-09-27},
journal = {Public Adm},
issn = {00333298},
doi = {10.1111/padm.12520},
keywords = {motivated reason},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{hvidman_2018,
title = {Citizens\textquoteright Evaluations of the Public Sector: Evidence From Two Large-Scale Experiments},
author = {Hvidman, Ulrik},
url = {https://academic.oup.com/jpart/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jopart/muy064/5153299},
year = {2018},
month = {nov},
day = {1},
urldate = {2018-11-05},
journal = {Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory},
issn = {1053-1858},
doi = {10.1093/jopart/muy064},
f1000-projects = {{EURECA} and {PhD\_paper\_2}},
abstract = {The performance of public sector agencies constitutes a longstanding concern in both policy and academia. Recent research suggests that citizens associate the public sector with ineffectiveness and wastefulness. This article approaches this debate by examining how citizens\textquoteright perception of whether an organization is public or not affects their performance assessment. The study is based on two large-scale experiments conducted among representative samples of Danish citizens. The findings show that citizens\textquoteright attitudes towards the public sector can be multifaceted and may not always be negative. First, public organizations may be perceived to be less effective than private organizations, but their distribution of outputs is perceived to be more equitable. Second, as evaluations of public sector performance are conditional on respondents\textquoteright personal beliefs, negative perceptions appear to be concentrated among a subgroup of citizens.}
}
@incollection{lee_2011,
booktitle = {The practice of government public relations},
title = {Government public relations: what is it good for?},
author = {Lee, Mordecai},
editor = {Stewart, Kendra},
series = {{ASPA} series in public administration and public policy},
pages = {9-25},
publisher = {{CRC} Press},
url = {http://www.crcnetbase.com/doi/10.1201/b11053-3},
year = {2011},
month = {aug},
day = {4},
urldate = {2019-02-04},
volume = {20111653},
isbn = {978-1-4398-3465-7},
issn = {2154-3046},
doi = {10.1201/b11053-3},
keywords = {government communications and government {PR}},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@book{lee_2012,
title = {The Practice of Government Public Relations},
author = {Lee, Mordecai and Neeley, Grant and Stewart, Kendra},
editor = {Lee, Mordecai and Neeley, Grant and Stewart, Kendra},
publisher = {{CRC} Press},
year = {2012},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
address = {Boca Raton},
keywords = {government communications and government {PR} and public relations},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{lee_2001,
title = {The agency spokesperson: connecting public administration and the media},
author = {Lee, Mordecai},
pages = {101-130},
publisher = {JSTOR},
year = {2001},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
journal = {Public Administration Quarterly},
issn = {0734-9149},
keywords = {government {PR}},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@incollection{lee_2008,
booktitle = {Government public relations: a reader},
title = {Public relations in public administration.},
author = {Lee, Mordecai},
editor = {Lee, Mordecai},
pages = {3-20},
publisher = {{CRC} Press},
year = {2008},
urldate = {2019-02-06},
address = {Boca Raton, {FL}},
keywords = {government communications},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@incollection{canel_2013,
booktitle = {Government Communication: Cases and challenges},
title = {Introduction: Mapping the field of government communication},
author = {Canel, M Jose and Sanders, K},
editor = {Canel, M Jose and Sanders, K},
pages = {1-26},
publisher = {Bloomsbury Academic},
year = {2013},
urldate = {2019-02-05},
address = {London},
keywords = {government communications},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{baron_1986,
title = {The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations.},
author = {Baron, R M and Kenny, D A},
pages = {1173-1182},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173},
year = {1986},
month = {dec},
urldate = {2018-05-15},
journal = {Journal of Personality and Social Psychology},
volume = {51},
number = {6},
doi = {10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173},
pmid = {3806354},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2},
abstract = {In this article, we attempt to distinguish between the properties of moderator and mediator variables at a number of levels. First, we seek to make theorists and researchers aware of the importance of not using the terms moderator and mediator interchangeably by carefully elaborating, both conceptually and strategically, the many ways in which moderators and mediators differ. We then go beyond this largely pedagogical function and delineate the conceptual and strategic implications of making use of such distinctions with regard to a wide range of phenomena, including control and stress, attitudes, and personality traits. We also provide a specific compendium of analytic procedures appropriate for making the most effective use of the moderator and mediator distinction, both separately and in terms of a broader causal system that includes both moderators and mediators.}
}
@article{briol_2006,
title = {Fundamental Processes Leading to Attitude Change: Implications for Cancer Prevention Communications},
author = {Briñol, Pablo and Petty, Richard E.},
pages = {S81-S104},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00284.x},
year = {2006},
month = {aug},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Journal of Communication},
volume = {56},
number = {s1},
issn = {0021-9916},
doi = {10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00284.x},
keywords = {ELM},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{imai_2011,
title = {Unpacking the Black Box of Causality: Learning about Causal Mechanisms from Experimental and Observational Studies},
author = {Imai, {KOSUKE} and Keele, {LUKE} and Tingley, {DUSTIN} and Yamamoto, {TEPPEI}},
pages = {765-789},
url = {http://www.journals.cambridge.org/{abstract\_S0003055411000414}},
year = {2011},
month = {nov},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {American Political Science Review},
volume = {105},
number = {04},
issn = {0003-0554},
doi = {10.1017/S0003055411000414},
keywords = {mediation analysis},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{wheeler_2005,
title = {Self‐Schema Matching and Attitude Change: Situational and Dispositional Determinants of Message Elaboration},
author = {Wheeler, S. Christian and Petty, Richard E. and Bizer, George Y.},
pages = {787-797},
url = {http://jcr.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1086/426613},
year = {2005},
month = {mar},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Journal of consumer research},
volume = {31},
number = {4},
issn = {0093-5301},
doi = {10.1086/426613},
keywords = {ELM},
f1000-projects = {{PhD} and {PhD\_paper\_2}}
}
@article{marland_2017,
title = {Governance in the age of digital media and branding},
author = {Marland, Alex and Lewis, J. P. and Flanagan, Tom},
pages = {125-141},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/gove.12194},
year = {2017},
month = {jan},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Governance},
volume = {30},
number = {1},
issn = {09521895},
doi = {10.1111/gove.12194},
keywords = {branding and government {PR}},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{mergel_2013,
title = {A Three-Stage Adoption Process for Social Media Use in Government},
author = {Mergel, Ines and Bretschneider, Stuart I.},
pages = {390-400},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/puar.12021},
year = {2013},
month = {may},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Public Administration Review},
volume = {73},
number = {3},
issn = {00333352},
doi = {10.1111/puar.12021},
keywords = {social media},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{cucciniello_2016,
title = {25 Years of Transparency Research: Evidence and Future Directions},
author = {Cucciniello, Maria and Porumbescu, Gregory A. and Grimmelikhuijsen, Stephan},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/puar.12685},
year = {2016},
month = {nov},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Public Administration Review},
issn = {00333352},
doi = {10.1111/puar.12685},
keywords = {transparency},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{petty_1983,
title = {Central and Peripheral Routes to Advertising Effectiveness: The Moderating Role of Involvement},
author = {Petty, Richard E. and Cacioppo, John T. and Schumann, David},
pages = {135},
url = {http://jcr.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1086/208954},
year = {1983},
month = {sep},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Journal of consumer research},
volume = {10},
number = {2},
issn = {0093-5301},
doi = {10.1086/208954},
keywords = {ELM},
f1000-projects = {{PhD} and {PhD\_paper\_2}}
}
@article{chaiken_1980,
title = {Heuristic versus systematic information processing and the use of source versus message cues in persuasion.},
author = {Chaiken, Shelly},
pages = {752-766},
url = {http://content.apa.org/journals/psp/39/5/752},
year = {1980},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
journal = {Journal of Personality and Social Psychology},
volume = {39},
number = {5},
issn = {0022-3514},
doi = {10.1037//0022-3514.39.5.752},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{slater_2002,
title = {Entertainment-education and elaboration likelihood: understanding the processing of narrative persuasion},
author = {Slater, Michael D. and Rouner, Donna},
pages = {173-191},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2002.tb00265.x},
year = {2002},
month = {may},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Commun Theory},
volume = {12},
number = {2},
issn = {1050-3293},
doi = {10.1111/j.1468-2885.2002.tb00265.x},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{petty_1979,
title = {Issue involvement can increase or decrease persuasion by enhancing message-relevant cognitive responses.},
author = {Petty, Richard E. and Cacioppo, John T.},
pages = {1915-1926},
url = {http://content.apa.org/journals/psp/37/10/1915},
year = {1979},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
journal = {Journal of Personality and Social Psychology},
volume = {37},
number = {10},
issn = {0022-3514},
doi = {10.1037/0022-3514.37.10.1915},
keywords = {{ELM} and involvement},
f1000-projects = {{PhD} and {PhD\_paper\_2}}
}
@article{petty_1981,
title = {Personal involvement as a determinant of argument-based persuasion.},
author = {Petty, Richard E. and Cacioppo, John T. and Goldman, Rachel},
pages = {847-855},
url = {http://content.apa.org/journals/psp/41/5/847},
year = {1981},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
journal = {Journal of Personality and Social Psychology},
volume = {41},
number = {5},
issn = {0022-3514},
doi = {10.1037/0022-3514.41.5.847},
keywords = {ELM},
f1000-projects = {{PhD} and {PhD\_paper\_2}}
}
@article{cacioppo_1986,
title = {Central and peripheral routes to persuasion: An individual difference perspective.},
author = {Cacioppo, John T. and Petty, Richard E. and Kao, Chuan Feng and Rodriguez, Regina},
pages = {1032-1043},
url = {http://doi.apa.org/getdoi.cfm?doi=10.1037/0022-3514.51.5.1032},
year = {1986},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
journal = {Journal of Personality and Social Psychology},
volume = {51},
number = {5},
issn = {1939-1315},
doi = {10.1037/0022-3514.51.5.1032},
keywords = {ELM},
f1000-projects = {{PhD} and {PhD\_paper\_2}}
}
@article{porumbescu_2017,
title = {Can transparency foster more understanding and compliant citizens?},
author = {Porumbescu, Gregory A. and Lindeman, Meghan I. H. and Ceka, Erica and Cucciniello, Maria},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/puar.12790},
year = {2017},
month = {jul},
day = {9},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
journal = {Public Administration Review},
issn = {00333352},
doi = {10.1111/puar.12790},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{wilson_2007,
title = {Designing media messages about health and nutrition: what strategies are most effective?},
author = {Wilson, Barbara J},
pages = {S13-9},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2006.09.001},
year = {2007},
month = {apr},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior},
volume = {39},
number = {2 Suppl},
doi = {10.1016/j.jneb.2006.09.001},
pmid = {17336800},
keywords = {ELM},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2},
abstract = {This report focuses on how to design media messages about nutrition that will persuade people to adopt healthful behaviors. The Elaboration Likelihood Model ({ELM}) is used as a theoretical framework to explore different information-processing modes that individuals employ in a variety of communication situations. Studies from the fields of communication and psychology are briefly reviewed, with a focus on the source and message strategies that are most likely to persuade different types of audiences to change their nutritional attitudes and behaviors.}
}
@article{olsen_2017,
title = {Compared to what? how social and historical reference points affect citizens\textquoteright performance evaluations},
author = {Olsen, Asmus Leth},
pages = {562-580},
url = {http://academic.oup.com/jpart/article/27/4/562/3893608/Compared-to-What-How-Social-and-Historical},
year = {2017},
month = {oct},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory},
volume = {27},
number = {4},
issn = {1053-1858},
doi = {10.1093/jopart/mux023},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{henderson_1998,
title = {Guidelines for selecting or modifying logos},
author = {Henderson, Pamela W. and Cote, Joseph A.},
pages = {14},
url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/1252158?origin=crossref},
year = {1998},
month = {apr},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {J Mark},
volume = {62},
number = {2},
issn = {00222429},
doi = {10.2307/1252158},
keywords = {logos},
f1000-projects = {{PhD} and {PhD\_paper\_2}}
}
@article{ruiter_2001,
title = {Evoked fear and effects of appeals on attitudes to performing breast self-examination: an information-processing perspective.},
author = {Ruiter, R A and Kok, G and Verplanken, B and Brug, J},
pages = {307-319},
url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11497114},
year = {2001},
month = {jun},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Health Educ Res},
volume = {16},
number = {3},
pmid = {11497114},
keywords = {ELM},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2},
abstract = {The effect of fear arousal on attitude toward participating in early detection activities [i.e. breast self-examination ({BSE})] was studied from an information-processing perspective. It was hypothesized that fear arousal motivates respondents to more argument-based processing of fear-relevant persuasive information. Respondents first read information about breast cancer in which fear was manipulated. After measuring fear arousal, respondents read a persuasive message about performing {BSE}. Analyses with reported fear, but not manipulated fear, found support for the hypothesis. Respondents who reported mild fear of breast cancer based their attitude toward {BSE} more on the arguments provided than respondents who reported low fear of breast cancer. This finding suggests that the use of fear arousal may be an efficient tool in health education practice. However, alternative interpretations are provided, in addition to the suggestion to be careful with using fear arousal in health education messages.}
}
@article{young_2008,
title = {The Privileged Role of the Late-Night Joke: Exploring Humor's Role in Disrupting Argument Scrutiny},
author = {Young, Dannagal Goldthwaite},
pages = {119-142},
url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15213260701837073},
year = {2008},
month = {mar},
day = {21},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Media Psychology},
volume = {11},
number = {1},
issn = {1521-3269},
doi = {10.1080/15213260701837073},
keywords = {ELM},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{marvel_2015,
title = {Public Opinion and Public Sector Performance: Are Individuals\textquoteright Beliefs About Performance Evidence-Based or the Product of Anti–Public Sector Bias?},
author = {Marvel, John D.},
pages = {209-227},
url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10967494.2014.996627},
year = {2015},
month = {apr},
day = {3},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {International Public Management Journal},
volume = {18},
number = {2},
issn = {1096-7494},
doi = {10.1080/10967494.2014.996627},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2},
abstract = {Public management scholars have long observed that Americans\textquoteright attitudes about public sector performance are negative, even though public sector organizations often perform at a high level. We use a survey experiment to test whether this negativity is a product of anti-public sector bias, using package delivery as our context. We also test whether objective performance information can correct this bias. Our results suggest that individuals expect a lower level of performance from the United States Postal Service ({USPS}) than Federal Express ({FedEx}), a prominent private sector shipping organization. Moreover, our results suggest that objective performance information does not completely override this \textquotedblleftexpectation bias\textquotedblright\textemdashindividuals rate {USPS} and {FedEx} differently, even when their ratings are based on identical favorable performance updates.}
}
@article{olsen_2017a,
title = {Human interest or hard numbers? experiments on citizens\textquoteright selection, exposure, and recall of performance information},
author = {Olsen, Asmus Leth},
pages = {408-420},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/puar.12638},
year = {2017},
month = {may},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Public Administration Review},
volume = {77},
number = {3},
issn = {00333352},
doi = {10.1111/puar.12638},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{james_2014,
title = {Does performance information about public services affect citizens' perceptions, satisfaction, and voice behaviour? field experiments with absolute and relative performance information},
author = {James, Oliver and Moseley, {ALICE}},
pages = {493-511},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/padm.12066},
year = {2014},
month = {jun},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Public Administration},
volume = {92},
number = {2},
issn = {00333298},
doi = {10.1111/padm.12066},
keywords = {performance information},
f1000-projects = {exogenous\textgreaterinformation from Mendeley and {PhD\_paper\_2}}
}
@article{baekgaard_2016,
title = {Interpreting performance information: motivated reasoning or unbiased comprehension},
author = {Baekgaard, Martin and Serritzlew, S\oren},
pages = {73-82},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/puar.12406},
year = {2016},
month = {jan},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Public Administration Review},
volume = {76},
number = {1},
issn = {00333352},
doi = {10.1111/puar.12406},
keywords = {performance information},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2},
abstract = {Public Administration Review Early View (Online Version of Record published before inclusion in an issue)}
}
@article{borah_2011,
title = {Seeking more information and conversations: influence of competitive frames and motivated processing},
author = {Borah, Porismita},
pages = {303-325},
url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0093650210376190},
year = {2011},
month = {jun},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Communic Res},
volume = {38},
number = {3},
issn = {0093-6502},
doi = {10.1177/0093650210376190},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{petty_1990,
title = {Involvement and persuasion: Tradition versus integration.},
author = {Petty, Richard E. and Cacioppo, John T.},
pages = {367-374},
url = {http://doi.apa.org/getdoi.cfm?doi=10.1037/0033-2909.107.3.367},
year = {1990},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Psychol Bull},
volume = {107},
number = {3},
issn = {0033-2909},
doi = {10.1037/0033-2909.107.3.367},
keywords = {ELM},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{hvidman_2016,
title = {Perceptions of Public and Private Performance: Evidence from a Survey Experiment},
author = {Hvidman, Ulrik and Andersen, Simon Calmar},
pages = {111-120},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/puar.12441},
year = {2016},
month = {jan},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Public Administration Review},
volume = {76},
number = {1},
issn = {00333352},
doi = {10.1111/puar.12441},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{grimmelikhuijsen_2017,
title = {Validating a scale for citizen trust in government organizations},
author = {Grimmelikhuijsen, Stephan and Knies, Eva},
pages = {583-601},
url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0020852315585950},
year = {2017},
month = {sep},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {International Review of Administrative Sciences},
volume = {83},
number = {3},
issn = {0020-8523},
doi = {10.1177/0020852315585950},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2},
abstract = {Citizen trust in government at the macro level has been studied by public administration scholars for many years. To further our understanding, assessing trust at the meso level of government organizations is important to more precisely determine effects and antecedents of trust at the organizational level. The organizational trust literature has shown that organizational trustworthiness is multidimensional, but the extant literature has not validated such measures in a public administration context. The proposed scale builds on and adapts an existing organizational trust scale to a public administration context. The {\textquoteleftCitizen} Trust in Government Organizations\textquoteright scale is validated using data from two different samples (total n = 991), resulting in a scale of nine items measuring three dimensions: perceived competence, benevolence, and integrity. This scale can be used by other researchers and is valuable to gain a more specific and multi-dimensional understanding of trust in government organizations.Points ...}
}
@article{nielsen_2017,
title = {How do politicians attribute bureaucratic responsibility for performance? negativity bias and interest group advocacy},
author = {Nielsen, Poul A. and Moynihan, Donald P.},
pages = {269–283},
url = {https://academic.oup.com/jpart/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/jopart/muw060},
year = {2017},
month = {apr},
day = {1},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory},
volume = {27},
number = {2},
issn = {1053-1858},
doi = {10.1093/jopart/muw060},
keywords = {performance information},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2},
abstract = {Voters reward or punish politicians by deeming them responsible for positive and negative outcomes, but how, in turn, do politicians attribute responsibility to those who actually deliver public services? Inattention to this question renders incomplete current perspectives on democratic processes of accountability, even as politicians are increasingly provided with performance data to hold bureaucrats accountable. We shed light on this issue using a survey experiment of elected officials featuring actual performance data. We find that the provision of performance data makes elected officials more willing to attribute causal responsibility to bureaucratic leaders, but only in cases of low performance, suggesting a negativity bias in public sector responsibility attribution processes. Additionally, we offer evidence that interest group advocates influence how elected officials use performance information to attribute responsibility, but contingent on ideological alignment.}
}
@article{marvel_2015a,
title = {Unconscious bias in citizens\textquoteright evaluations of public sector performance},
author = {Marvel, John D.},
pages = {143-158},
url = {https://academic.oup.com/jpart/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/jopart/muu053},
year = {2015},
month = {jan},
day = {30},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory},
volume = {26},
number = {1},
issn = {1053-1858},
doi = {10.1093/jopart/muu053},
f1000-projects = {exogenous\textgreaterbiases from Mendeley and perceptions\textgreaterevaluation from Mendeley and {PhD\_paper\_2}},
abstract = {The premise of our article is that repeated exposure to antipublic sector messages affects the way people evaluate the performance of public sector organizations. More specifically, we argue that individuals\textquoteright implicit attitudes regarding public sector organizations are biased: Citizens automatically and unconsciously associate public sector organizations with inefficiency, inflexibility, and other pejoratives, and these automatic associations color their assessments of public sector performance. Implicit antipublic sector bias has important theoretical implications. It may help to explain whether, and to what degree, individuals respond favorably to positive public sector performance information. More specifically, it suggests that individuals\textquoteright evaluations of government performance will be weighed down by their deep-seated, unconscious views of the public sector; that the effect of information on individuals\textquoteright performance evaluations will be short-lived; and that individuals\textquoteright underlying beliefs about public sector performance will be difficult to change. We design three survey experiments to investigate these propositions, focusing on individuals\textquoteright evaluations of United States Postal Service ({USPS}) performance. We find evidence for each proposition.}
}
@article{nabi_2007,
title = {All Joking Aside: A Serious Investigation into the Persuasive Effect of Funny Social Issue Messages},
author = {Nabi, Robin L. and Moyer-Gusé, Emily and Byrne, Sahara},
pages = {29-54},
url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03637750701196896},
year = {2007},
month = {mar},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Commun Monogr},
volume = {74},
number = {1},
issn = {0363-7751},
doi = {10.1080/03637750701196896},
keywords = {ELM},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{johnson_1989,
title = {Effects of involvement on persuasion: A meta-analysis.},
author = {Johnson, Blair T. and Eagly, Alice H.},
pages = {290-314},
url = {http://doi.apa.org/getdoi.cfm?doi=10.1037/0033-2909.106.2.290},
year = {1989},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Psychol Bull},
volume = {106},
number = {2},
issn = {1939-1455},
doi = {10.1037/0033-2909.106.2.290},
keywords = {{ELM} and involvement},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{puppis_2014,
title = {The political communication of independent regulatory agencies},
author = {Puppis, Manuel and Maggetti, Martino and Gilardi, Fabrizio and Biela, Jan and Papadopoulos, Yannis},
pages = {388-412},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/spsr.12118},
year = {2014},
month = {sep},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Swiss Polit Sci Rev},
volume = {20},
number = {3},
issn = {14247755},
doi = {10.1111/spsr.12118},
keywords = {independent agencies},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{james_2017,
title = {Motivated Reasoning about Public Performance: An Experimental Study of How Citizens Judge the Affordable Care Act},
author = {James, Oliver and Van Ryzin, Gregg G.},
pages = {197-209},
url = {https://academic.oup.com/jpart/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/jopart/muw049},
year = {2017},
month = {jan},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory},
volume = {27},
number = {1},
issn = {1053-1858},
doi = {10.1093/jopart/muw049},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{im_2014,
title = {Internet, trust in government, and citizen compliance},
author = {Im, Tobin and Cho, W. and Porumbescu, Gregory A. and Park, J.},
pages = {741-763},
url = {https://academic.oup.com/jpart/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/jopart/mus037},
year = {2014},
month = {jul},
day = {1},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory},
volume = {24},
number = {3},
issn = {1053-1858},
doi = {10.1093/jopart/mus037},
f1000-projects = {interactions\textgreatere-gov from Mendeley and {perceptions\textgreaterTrust} from Mendeley and {PhD\_paper\_2}},
abstract = {This research investigates how levels of citizen trust in government and compliance are affected by citizens\textquoteright use of the Internet. Starting from the premise that information is a key determinant of public opinion and citizen behavior, this research explores the extent to which the time that citizens spend on the Internet affects their trust in government and compliance with government policies, compared with the influence of the traditional, offline, mass media modalities, such as newspapers. In addition, we also assess the impact of citizens\textquoteright use of e-government on levels of trust in government and compliance. The results of the analyses suggest that the more time individuals spend on the Internet, the lower their degree of trust in government and lower level of citizen compliance. However, our results also suggest that such negative effects of the Internet can be moderated through citizens\textquoteright increased use of e-government.}
}
@article{james_2011,
title = {Managing citizens' expectations of public service performance: evidence from observation and experimentation in local government},
author = {James, {OLIVER}},
pages = {1419-1435},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1467-9299.2011.01962.x},
year = {2011},
month = {dec},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Public Administration},
volume = {89},
number = {4},
issn = {00333298},
doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9299.2011.01962.x},
keywords = {expectations and performance information},
f1000-projects = {exogenous\textgreaterexpectations from Mendeley and exogenous\textgreaterinformation from Mendeley and {PhD\_paper\_2}}
}
@article{james_2011a,
title = {Performance measures and democracy: information effects on citizens in field and laboratory experiments},
author = {James, Oliver},
pages = {399-418},
url = {https://academic.oup.com/jpart/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/jopart/muq057},
year = {2011},
month = {jul},
day = {1},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory},
volume = {21},
number = {3},
issn = {1053-1858},
doi = {10.1093/jopart/muq057},
keywords = {performance information},
f1000-projects = {exogenous\textgreaterinformation from Mendeley and {PhD\_paper\_2}}
}
@article{grimmelikhuijsen_2013,
title = {The Effect of Transparency on Trust in Government: A Cross-National Comparative Experiment},
author = {Grimmelikhuijsen, Stephan and Porumbescu, Gregory and Hong, Boram and Im, Tobin},
pages = {575-586},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/puar.12047},
year = {2013},
month = {jul},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Public Administration Review},
volume = {73},
number = {4},
issn = {00333352},
doi = {10.1111/puar.12047},
keywords = {experiments and transparency},
f1000-projects = {interactions\textgreatertransparency from Mendeley and {PhD} and {PhD\_paper\_2}}
}
@article{busuioc_2016,
title = {The reputational basis of public accountability},
author = {Busuioc, Madalina and Lodge, Martin},
pages = {247-263},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/gove.12161},
year = {2016},
month = {apr},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Governance},
volume = {29},
number = {2},
issn = {09521895},
doi = {10.1111/gove.12161},
keywords = {reputation},
f1000-projects = {{EURECA} and {PhD\_paper\_2}},
abstract = {Governance Early View (Online Version of Record published before inclusion in an issue)}
}
@article{karens_2016,
title = {The impact of public branding: an experimental study on the effects of branding policy on citizen trust},
author = {Karens, René and Eshuis, Jasper and Klijn, Erik-Hans and Voets, Joris},
pages = {486-494},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/puar.12501},
year = {2016},
month = {may},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Public Administration Review},
volume = {76},
number = {3},
issn = {00333352},
doi = {10.1111/puar.12501},
keywords = {brand effects and branding and experiments},
f1000-projects = {{PhD} and {PhD\_paper\_2}},
abstract = {Branding has become common in the public sector as brands are increasingly used to influence citizens\textquoteright associations with public organizations and public services. Using experimental research replicated in three European countries, this article investigates the effect of using the European Union ({EU}) brand on trust in polices. Experiments were conducted among economics students in Belgium, Poland, and the Netherlands to test the hypothesis that adding {EU} brand elements to policies positively affects trust in those policies. The results show a consistent positive and significant effect of applying the {EU} brand to trust in the policies in all countries and for both policies included in the experiment\textemdasheven in the Netherlands, a country characterized by a negative overall {EU} sentiment. These findings provide some of the first empirical evidence of the effectiveness of branding for public policy}
}
@article{deacon_2001,
title = {Quangos and the `communications dependent society'},
author = {Deacon, David and Monk, Wendy},
pages = {25-49},
url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0267323101016001002},
year = {2001},
month = {mar},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {European Journal of Communication},
volume = {16},
number = {1},
issn = {0267-3231},
doi = {10.1177/0267323101016001002},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{vanderwurff_2016,
title = {News quality and public opinion: the impact of deliberative quality of news media on citizens' argument repertoire},
author = {van der Wurff, Richard and De Swert, Knut and Lecheler, Sophie},
pages = {edw024},
url = {https://academic.oup.com/ijpor/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/ijpor/edw024},
year = {2016},
month = {aug},
day = {30},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {International Journal of Public Opinion Research},
issn = {0954-2892},
doi = {10.1093/ijpor/edw024},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{ho_2017,
title = {Government Communication Effectiveness and Satisfaction with Police Performance: A Large-Scale Survey Study},
author = {Ho, Alfred Tat-Kei and Cho, Wonhyuk},
pages = {228-239},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/puar.12563},
year = {2017},
month = {mar},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Public Administration Review},
volume = {77},
number = {2},
issn = {00333352},
doi = {10.1111/puar.12563},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2},
abstract = {Public Administration Review Early View (Online Version of Record published before inclusion in an issue)}
}
@article{imai_2010,
title = {A general approach to causal mediation analysis.},
author = {Imai, Kosuke and Keele, Luke and Tingley, Dustin},
pages = {309-334},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0020761},
year = {2010},
month = {dec},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Psychological methods},
volume = {15},
number = {4},
doi = {10.1037/a0020761},
pmid = {20954780},
keywords = {mediation analysis},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2},
abstract = {Traditionally in the social sciences, causal mediation analysis has been formulated, understood, and implemented within the framework of linear structural equation models. We argue and demonstrate that this is problematic for 3 reasons: the lack of a general definition of causal mediation effects independent of a particular statistical model, the inability to specify the key identification assumption, and the difficulty of extending the framework to nonlinear models. In this article, we propose an alternative approach that overcomes these limitations. Our approach is general because it offers the definition, identification, estimation, and sensitivity analysis of causal mediation effects without reference to any specific statistical model. Further, our approach explicitly links these 4 elements closely together within a single framework. As a result, the proposed framework can accommodate linear and nonlinear relationships, parametric and nonparametric models, continuous and discrete mediators, and various types of outcome variables. The general definition and identification result also allow us to develop sensitivity analysis in the context of commonly used models, which enables applied researchers to formally assess the robustness of their empirical conclusions to violations of the key assumption. We illustrate our approach by applying it to the Job Search Intervention Study. We also offer easy-to-use software that implements all our proposed methods. {PsycINFO} Database Record (c) 2010 {APA}, all rights reserved.}
}
@article{grimmelikhuijsen_2015,
title = {Does twitter increase perceived police legitimacy?},
author = {Grimmelikhuijsen, Stephan and Meijer, Albert J.},
pages = {598-607},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/puar.12378},
year = {2015},
month = {jul},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Public Administration Review},
volume = {75},
number = {4},
issn = {00333352},
doi = {10.1111/puar.12378},
keywords = {e-gov and public participation and social media},
f1000-projects = {interactions\textgreatere-gov from Mendeley and interactions\textgreaterpublic participation from Mendeley and {PhD\_paper\_2}}
}
@article{grimmelikhuijsen_2014,
title = {Effects of Transparency on the Perceived Trustworthiness of a Government Organization: Evidence from an Online Experiment},
author = {Grimmelikhuijsen, Stephan and Meijer, Albert},
pages = {137-157},
url = {https://academic.oup.com/jpart/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/jopart/mus048},
year = {2014},
month = {jan},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory},
volume = {24},
number = {1},
issn = {1053-1858},
doi = {10.1093/jopart/mus048},
f1000-projects = {{PhD} and {PhD\_paper\_2} and process fairness from Mendeley}
}
@article{james_2017a,
title = {Incredibly Good Performance},
author = {James, Oliver and Van Ryzin, Gregg G.},
pages = {23-35},
url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0275074015580390},
year = {2017},
month = {jan},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
journal = {The American Review of Public Administration},
volume = {47},
number = {1},
issn = {0275-0740},
doi = {10.1177/0275074015580390},
f1000-projects = {{EURECA} and {PhD\_paper\_2}},
abstract = {Initiatives to boost public trust of government often rely on better reporting of the efforts and accomplishments of government agencies. But if citizens disbelieve the performance reports of agencies, especially information about good performance, then these initiatives may be do little to enhance trust. We ask the following questions: Do citizens find performance information from government agencies to be credible, or do they trust more in independent sources? Do they believe some agencies more than others? And does credibility of the agency itself as a source depend on the level of performance that is being reported? To address these questions, we designed an experiment to test the credibility of a customer satisfaction index for two U.S. federal agencies, with random allocation of the specific agency (one politically less attractive, the other more so), the source of the index (the federal agency itself or an independent rating firm), as well as the level of performance reported in the index. Results from an online sample of nearly 600 U.S. adults show that credibility is lower for the politically less attractive agency and that citizens are especially doubtful about good performance reported by the government agency itself (as opposed to the independent rating firm). These results suggest that independent sources can boost credibility when reporting good news about government performance.}
}
@article{alonbarkat_2017,
title = {Compensating for Poor Performance with Promotional Symbols: Evidence from a Survey Experiment},
author = {Alon-Barkat, Saar and Gilad, Sharon},
pages = {661-675},
url = {http://academic.oup.com/jpart/article/27/4/661/3859032/Compensating-for-Poor-Performance-with-Promotional},
year = {2017},
month = {oct},
urldate = {2017-10-26},
journal = {Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory},
volume = {27},
number = {4},
issn = {1053-1858},
doi = {10.1093/jopart/mux013},
f1000-projects = {{PhD} and {PhD\_paper\_2} and Your publications}
}
@book{elder_1983,
title = {The Political Uses of Symbols},
author = {Elder, {CD} and Cobb, {RW}},
publisher = {Longman Publishing Group},
year = {1983},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@book{dahl_1973,
title = {Polyarchy: participation and opposition},
author = {Dahl, Robert Alan},
publisher = {Yale University Press},
year = {1973},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
isbn = {0300153570},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@book{eshuis_2012,
title = {Branding in governance and public management},
author = {Eshuis, Jasper and Klijn, Erik-Hans.},
publisher = {Routledge},
year = {2012},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
isbn = {0203145151},
address = {New York},
keywords = {branding},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@book{blumer_1986,
title = {Symbolic interactionism: Perspective and method},
author = {Blumer, Herbert},
publisher = {Univ of California Press},
year = {1986},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
isbn = {0520056760},
keywords = {symbolic interactionism},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@book{petty_1986,
title = {Communication and persuasion: Central and peripheral routes to attitude change},
author = {Petty, Richard E. and Cacioppo, John T.},
publisher = {Springer Science \& Business Media},
year = {1986},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
isbn = {1461249643},
keywords = {{ELM} and involvement},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{dotson_2000,
title = {Religious symbols as peripheral cues in advertising: A replication of the elaboration likelihood model},
author = {Dotson, Michael J and Hyatt, Eva M},
pages = {63-68},
publisher = {Elsevier},
year = {2000},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
journal = {Journal of Business Research},
volume = {48},
number = {1},
issn = {0148-2963},
keywords = {advertising and {ELM}},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{park_1986,
title = {Consumer response to television commercials: The impact of involvement and background music on brand attitude formation},
author = {Park, C Whan and Young, S Mark},
pages = {11-24},
publisher = {JSTOR},
year = {1986},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
journal = {Journal of marketing research},
issn = {0022-2437},
keywords = {advertising},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@incollection{petty_2011,
booktitle = {Handbook of theories of social psychology},
title = {The elaboration likelihood model},
author = {Petty, Richard E. and Briñol, Pablo},
editor = {Van Lange, Paul A. M. and Kruglanski, Arie W. and Higgins, E. Tory},
pages = {224-245},
publisher = {Sage Publications Ltd},
year = {2011},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
keywords = {{ELM} and involvement},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@incollection{petty_2002,
booktitle = {Media effects: Advances in theory and research},
title = {Mass media attitude change: Implications of the elaboration likelihood model of persuasion},
author = {Petty, Richard E. and Priester, Joseph R. and Brinol, Pablo},
editor = {Petty, Richard E. and Brinol, Pablo and Priester, Joseph R.},
pages = {125-164},
publisher = {New York: Routledge},
year = {2002},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
edition = {3},
keywords = {{ELM} and involvement},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{drge_1989,
title = {Shaping the route to attitude change: Central versus peripheral processing through comparative versus noncomparative advertising},
author = {Dröge, Cornelia},
pages = {193},
publisher = {American Marketing Association.},
year = {1989},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
journal = {Journal of Marketing Research},
volume = {26},
number = {2},
issn = {0022-2437},
keywords = {advertising and {ELM} and involvement},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{petty_1976,
title = {Distraction can enhance or reduce yielding to propaganda: Thought disruption versus effort justification.},
author = {Petty, Richard E. and Wells, Gary L. and Brock, Timothy C.},
pages = {874},
publisher = {American Psychological Association},
year = {1976},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
journal = {Journal of Personality and Social Psychology},
volume = {34},
number = {5},
issn = {1939-1315},
keywords = {ELM},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@incollection{petty_1998,
booktitle = {The Handbook of Social Psychology},
title = {Attitude Change: Multiple Roles for Persuasion Variables},
author = {Petty, Richard E. and Wegener, Duane T.},
editor = {Gilbert, E D and Fiske, S and Lindzey, G},
pages = {323-390},
publisher = {{McGraw}-Hill},
year = {1998},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
edition = {4},
address = {New-York},
keywords = {ELM},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{moore_1987,
title = {Source magnification: The role of multiple sources in the processing of advertising appeals},
author = {Moore, David J and Reardon, Richard},
pages = {412-417},
publisher = {JSTOR},
year = {1987},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
journal = {Journal of Marketing Research},
issn = {0022-2437},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{mayer_1995,
title = {An integrative model of organizational trust},
author = {Mayer, Roger C and Davis, James H and Schoorman, F David},
pages = {709-734},
publisher = {Academy of Management},
year = {1995},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
journal = {Academy of management review},
volume = {20},
number = {3},
issn = {0363-7425},
f1000-projects = {{PhD} and {PhD\_paper\_2}}
}
@incollection{dehouwer_2012,
booktitle = {Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning},
title = {Evaluative conditioning},
author = {De Houwer, Jan},
pages = {1179-1181},
publisher = {Springer},
year = {2012},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
isbn = {1441914277},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@book{kahneman_2011,
title = {Thinking, fast and slow},
author = {Kahneman, Daniel},
publisher = {Macmillan},
year = {2011},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
isbn = {0374275637},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{vandenbosch_2005,
title = {How corporate visual identity supports reputation},
author = {Van den Bosch, Annette L M and De Jong, Menno D T and Elving, Wim J L},
pages = {108-116},
year = {2005},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
journal = {Corporate Communications: An International Journal},
volume = {10},
number = {2},
issn = {1356-3289},
keywords = {visual identities},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{burnkrant_1989,
title = {Self-referencing: A strategy for increasing processing of message content},
author = {Burnkrant, Robert E and Unnava, H Rao},
pages = {628-638},
publisher = {Sage Publications Sage {CA}: Thousand Oaks, {CA}},
year = {1989},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
journal = {Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin},
volume = {15},
number = {4},
issn = {0146-1672},
keywords = {ELM},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{swasy_1985,
title = {Examining the target of receiver elaborations: Rhetorical question effects on source processing and persuasion},
author = {Swasy, John L and Munch, James M},
pages = {877-886},
publisher = {The Oxford University Press},
year = {1985},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
journal = {Journal of consumer research},
volume = {11},
number = {4},
issn = {0093-5301},
keywords = {ELM},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{angst_2009,
title = {Adoption of electronic health records in the presence of privacy concerns: The elaboration likelihood model and individual persuasion},
author = {Angst, Corey M and Agarwal, Ritu},
pages = {339-370},
publisher = {Society for Information Management and The Management Information Systems Research Center},
year = {2009},
urldate = {2017-11-28},
journal = {{MIS} quarterly},
volume = {33},
number = {2},
issn = {0276-7783},
keywords = {ELM},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{porumbescu_2016,
title = {Linking public sector social media and e-government website use to trust in government},
author = {Porumbescu, Gregory A.},
pages = {291-304},
url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/{S0740624X16300363}},
year = {2016},
month = {apr},
urldate = {2017-12-07},
journal = {Government Information Quarterly},
volume = {33},
number = {2},
issn = {0740624X},
doi = {10.1016/j.giq.2016.04.006},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2},
abstract = {This study examines how citizens' use of e-government websites and public sector social media accounts relates to their satisfaction and perceptions of public sector trustworthiness. Drawing upon data from a 2012 sample of 1100 Seoul citizens, findings reveal that greater use of e-government websites is negatively related to citizens' satisfaction and perceptions of public sector trustworthiness. Conversely, use of public sector social media accounts is positively related to satisfaction and perceptions of public sector trustworthiness. Drawing upon the concept of psychological distance, these findings are interpreted to suggest that forms of e-government conducive to the transmission of less detailed information (social media) may be more effective at improving relationships between citizens and their government than forms of e-government that are more commonly used to transmit detailed information (e-government websites).}
}
@article{porumbescu_2017a,
title = {Linking transparency to trust in government and voice},
author = {Porumbescu, Gregory A.},
pages = {520-537},
url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0275074015607301},
year = {2017},
month = {jul},
urldate = {2018-01-30},
journal = {The American Review of Public Administration},
volume = {47},
number = {5},
issn = {0275-0740},
doi = {10.1177/0275074015607301},
keywords = {transparency},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2},
abstract = {The objective of this study is to provide a more nuanced assessment of the relationship between public sector transparency and trust in government. Specifically, we examine how different tools used to enhance transparency\textemdashsocial media and e-government websites\textemdashrelate to citizens\textquoteright perceptions of government trustworthiness. We then examine how these relationships vary according to how frequently citizens exercise voice. Findings indicate respondents\textquoteright use of public sector social media is positively related to perceptions of government trustworthiness. E-government website use lacks a significant relationship to perceptions of government trustworthiness. However, a strong negative relationship emerged between e-government website use and perceptions of trustworthiness as respondents\textquoteright frequency of voice increased.}
}
@article{porumbescu_2017b,
title = {Does transparency improve citizens\textquoteright perceptions of government performance? evidence from seoul, south korea},
author = {Porumbescu, Gregory A.},
pages = {443-468},
url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0095399715593314},
year = {2017},
month = {mar},
urldate = {2018-02-27},
journal = {Adm Soc},
volume = {49},
number = {3},
issn = {0095-3997},
doi = {10.1177/0095399715593314},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{busuioc_2017,
title = {Reputation and accountability relationships: Managing accountability expectations through reputation.},
author = {Busuioc, Madalina and Lodge, Martin},
url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/puar.12612/full},
year = {2017},
urldate = {2018-03-03},
journal = {Public Administration Review},
volume = {77},
number = {1},
f1000-projects = {{EURECA} and {PhD\_paper\_2}}
}
@techreport{mickoleit_2014,
title = {Social media use by governments.},
author = {Mickoleit, A},
publisher = {OECD},
url = {http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/governance/social-media-use-by-governments\_5jxrcmghmk0s-en},
year = {2014},
urldate = {2018-03-04},
address = {NA},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@techreport{unitedstatesgovernmentaccountabilityoffice_2017,
title = {Public Relations Spending: Selected Agencies' Activities Supported by Contracts and Public Affairs Staff},
author = {United States Government Accountability Office,},
publisher = {United States Government Accountability Office},
url = {https://www.gao.gov/products/{GAO}-17-711},
year = {2017},
month = {oct},
day = {12},
urldate = {2018-03-04},
address = {NA},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{walker_2018,
title = {Analyzing the Complexity of Performance Information Use: Experiments with Stakeholders to Disaggregate Dimensions of Performance, Data Sources, and Data Types},
author = {Walker, Richard M. and Jin Lee, M. and James, Oliver and Ho, Samuel M. Y.},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/puar.12920},
year = {2018},
month = {mar},
day = {2},
urldate = {2018-03-06},
journal = {Public Administration Review},
issn = {00333352},
doi = {10.1111/puar.12920},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@incollection{james_2017b,
booktitle = {Experiments in public management research: challenges and contributions},
title = {Citizens and public performance measures: making sense of performance information},
author = {James, Oliver and Olsen, Asmus Leth},
editor = {James, Oliver and Jilke, Sebastian R. and Van Ryzin, Gregg G.},
pages = {270-290},
publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
url = {http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ref/id/{CBO9781316676912A025}},
year = {2017},
urldate = {2018-03-06},
isbn = {9781316676912},
doi = {10.1017/9781316676912.013},
address = {Cambridge},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@incollection{grimmelikhuijsen_2017a,
booktitle = {Experiments in public management research: challenges and contributions},
title = {Public Sector Transparency},
author = {Grimmelikhuijsen, Stephan and Weske, Ulrike and Bouwman, Robin and Tummers, Lars},
editor = {James, Oliver and Jilke, Sebastian R. and Van Ryzin, Gregg G.},
pages = {291-312},
publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
url = {http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ref/id/{CBO9781316676912A026}},
year = {2017},
urldate = {2018-03-06},
isbn = {9781316676912},
doi = {10.1017/9781316676912.014},
address = {Cambridge},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{teodoro_2018,
title = {Citizen-Based Brand Equity: A Model and Experimental Evaluation},
author = {Teodoro, Manuel P and An, Seung-Ho},
url = {https://academic.oup.com/jpart/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jopart/mux044/4924535},
year = {2018},
month = {mar},
day = {7},
urldate = {2018-03-11},
journal = {Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory},
issn = {1053-1858},
doi = {10.1093/jopart/mux044},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{mackie_1989,
title = {Processing deficits and the mediation of positive affect in persuasion.},
author = {Mackie, {DM} and Worth, {LT}},
year = {1989},
urldate = {2018-03-12},
journal = {Journal of personality and social psychology},
volume = {57},
number = {1},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@book{eagly_1993,
title = {The psychology of attitudes},
author = {Eagly, {AH} and Chaiken, S},
publisher = {Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers},
url = {http://psycnet.apa.org/record/1992-98849-000},
year = {1993},
urldate = {2018-03-12},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{bless_1990,
title = {Mood and persuasion: A cognitive response analysis.},
author = {Bless, H and Bohner, G and Schwarz, N},
year = {1990},
urldate = {2018-03-12},
journal = {Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin},
volume = {16},
number = {2},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{schwarz_1991,
title = {Mood and persuasion: Affective states influence the processing of persuasive communications.},
author = {Schwarz, N and Bless, H and Bohner, G},
pages = {161},
year = {1991},
urldate = {2018-03-12},
journal = {Advances in experimental social psychology},
volume = {24},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{petty_2015,
title = {The role of affect in the elaboration likelihood model of persuasion.},
author = {Petty, Richard E. and Cacioppo, John T. and Kasmer, J. A.},
year = {2015},
urldate = {2018-03-25},
journal = {Communication, social cognition, and affect},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{worth_1987,
title = {Cognitive mediation of positive affect in persuasion.},
author = {Worth, {LT} and Mackie, {DM}},
year = {1987},
urldate = {2018-03-26},
journal = {Social cognition},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{wegener_1995,
title = {Positive mood can increase or decrease message scrutiny: the hedonic contingency view of mood and message processing.},
author = {Wegener, {DT} and Petty, Richard E. and Smith, {SM}},
pages = {5-15},
publisher = {doi.apa.org},
url = {http://doi.apa.org/journals/psp/69/1/5.html},
year = {1995},
urldate = {2018-03-26},
journal = {Journal of personality and social psychology},
volume = {69},
number = {1},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@inproceedings{bertelli_2018,
title = {Reputation-Sourced Authority and the Prospect {ofUnchecked} Bureaucratic Power},
author = {Bertelli, Anthony M. and Busuioc, Madalina},
year = {2018},
urldate = {2018-05-17},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2},
booktitle = {{ECPR} Joint Sessions of Workshops}
}
@incollection{soroka_2010,
booktitle = {Degrees of democracy: politics, public opinion, and policy},
title = {Degrees of Democracy},
author = {Soroka, Stuart N. and Wlezien, Christopher},
publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/{CBO9780511804908A007}/type/book\_part},
year = {2010},
urldate = {2017-09-06},
isbn = {9780511804908},
doi = {10.1017/{CBO9780511804908}.002},
address = {Cambridge},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
@article{porumbescu_2018,
title = {The effects of police performance on agency trustworthiness and citizen participation},
author = {Porumbescu, Gregory A. and Neshkova, Milena I. and Huntoon, Meghan},
pages = {1-26},
url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14719037.2018.1473473},
year = {2018},
month = {may},
day = {23},
urldate = {2018-06-04},
journal = {Public Management Review},
issn = {1471-9037},
doi = {10.1080/14719037.2018.1473473},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2},
abstract = {We examine the effect of performance information on citizens\textquoteright willingness to engage with government. We hypothesize that when performance information is positive, citizens perceive government as trustworthy, which increases proclivity for participation. To validate this framework, we conduct an experiment that tests the effect of police performance on citizens\textquoteright perceptions of police trustworthiness and intentions to participate in a neighbourhood watch programme. We find that information about police performance strongly affects perceptions of police trustworthiness. Yet, citizen decisions to participate in the community watch programme are more complex and can be triggered by either positive or negative police performance.}
}
@article{grimmelikhuijsen_2018,
title = {Breaking bad news without breaking trust: The effects of a press release and newspaper coverage on perceived trustworthiness},
author = {Grimmelikhuijsen, Stephan and De Vries, Femke and Zijlstra, Wilte},
url = {http://journal-bpa.org/index.php/jbpa/article/view/16},
year = {2018},
month = {feb},
day = {26},
urldate = {2018-06-04},
journal = {JBPA},
volume = {1},
number = {1},
issn = {2576-6465},
doi = {10.30636/jbpa.11.16},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2},
abstract = {Can a government agency mitigate the negative effect of \textquotedblleftbad news\textquotedblright on public trust? To answer this question, we carried out a baseline survey to measure public trust five days before a major press release involving bad news about an error committed by an independent regulatory agency in the Netherlands. Two days after the agency\textquoterights press release, we carried out a survey experiment to test the effects on public trust of the press release itself as well as related newspaper articles. Results show that the press release had no negative effect on trustworthiness, which may be because the press release \textquotedblleftsteals thunder\textquotedblright (i.e. breaks the bad news before the news media discovered it) and focuses on a \textquotedblleftrebuilding strategy\textquotedblright (i.e. offering apologies and focusing on future improvements). In contrast, the news articles mainly focused on what went wrong, which affected the competence dimension of trust but not the other dimensions (benevolence and integrity). We conclude that strategic communication by an agency can break negative news to people without necessarily breaking trust in that agency. And although effects of negative news coverage on trustworthiness were observed, the magnitude of these effects should not be overstated.}
}
@inproceedings{alonbarkat_2018,
title = {The effects of symbols and information in government communications on citizens trust: Evidence from a survey experiment},
author = {Alon-Barkat, Saar},
year = {2018},
month = {jun},
urldate = {2018-07-15},
f1000-projects = {PhD\_paper\_2}
}
